Porsche Engineering is testing a new approach in simulations.

08 Jan Porsche Engineering is testing a new approach in simulations.

For more efficient electric vehicles
(Oilandgaspress) Intelligent soft switching with AI support promises to reduce switching losses in power transistors by up to 95 percent.

Range is one of the most important criteria when it comes to purchasing an electric vehicle. It is therefore crucial that all available options to increase powertrain efficiency are used. The inverter offers a lot of potential here, because noticeable losses occur in the inverter’s power transistors during switching. These losses can, however, be significantly reduced by intelligent actuation of the transistors.

In principle, two primary types of losses occur in the inverter of an electric vehicle: Line losses and switching losses. Line losses are a physical property of the transistors, and one that cannot be influenced by the inverter’s circuit design. For physical reasons, a power transistor does not behave like an ideal switch that would conduct current without loss. Instead, even when it is switched on, the transistor still exhibits a low residual resistance, which leads to losses and heat generation. Switching losses occur during the transition between the „On“ and “Off” states.

A voltage is present at the power transistor for a short time, even while a noticeable current is already flowing through it. The product of this current and the applied voltage is the undesired power loss. While switching on and off this power loss forms characteristic peaks that lead to energy losses—which ultimately reduces the potentially achievable range.

Porsche Engineering uses ZVS to improve inverter efficiency. ZVS leads to lower losses in silicon-carbide and gallium-nitride power transistors, as are used in electric vehicles. In addition, it exhibits better efficiency at higher frequencies than ZCS, while disruptive electromagnetic interference is lower. Above all, ZVS is the better choice for inductive loads such as electric motors.

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